CHIP8Emulator/main.cpp

#include "pixelGameEngine.h"
#include "Polygon.h"
#include <ios>
#include <stack>
#include <bitset>
#include <random>

using namespace olc;

#define WIDTH 640
#define HEIGHT 480

class Chip8Emulator : public olc::PixelGameEngine
{
public:
	Chip8Emulator()
	{
		sAppName = "CHIP-8!";
	}

public:
	std::array<uint8_t,4096>memory={
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
		//Font starts at 0x50
		0xF0,0x90,0x90,0x90,0xF0, // 0
		0x20,0x60,0x20,0x20,0x70, // 1
		0xF0,0x10,0xF0,0x80,0xF0, // 2
		0xF0,0x10,0xF0,0x10,0xF0, // 3
		0x90,0x90,0xF0,0x10,0x10, // 4
		0xF0,0x80,0xF0,0x10,0xF0, // 5
		0xF0,0x80,0xF0,0x90,0xF0, // 6
		0xF0,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x40, // 7
		0xF0,0x90,0xF0,0x90,0xF0, // 8
		0xF0,0x90,0xF0,0x10,0xF0, // 9
		0xF0,0x90,0xF0,0x90,0x90, // A
		0xE0,0x90,0xE0,0x90,0xE0, // B
		0xF0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0xF0, // C
		0xE0,0x90,0x90,0x90,0xE0, // D
		0xF0,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0xF0, // E
		0xF0,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x80  // F
	};
	std::array<bool,2048>display;
	std::stack<uint8_t>stack;
	float pulse=0;
	uint8_t delay_timer,sound_timer;
	uint16_t pc=0x200;
	uint16_t index; //One 16-bit index register called “I” which is used to point at locations in memory
	std::array<uint8_t,16>reg;
	std::random_device rd;  //Will be used to obtain a seed for the random number engine
	std::mt19937 gen; //Standard mersenne_twister_engine seeded with rd()
	std::uniform_int_distribution<> distrib;
	std::array<Key,16>keymap{X,K1,K2,K3,Q,W,E,A,S,D,Z,C,K4,R,F,V};

	std::string Display8(int number){
		std::bitset<8>numb(number);
		return numb.to_string();
	}
	std::string Display16(int number){
		std::bitset<16>numb(number);
		return numb.to_string();
	}


	bool OnUserCreate() override
	{
		gen=std::mt19937(rd());
		distrib=std::uniform_int_distribution<>(0,255);
		for (int i=0;i<display.size();i++){
			display[i]=0;
		}
		std::ifstream file("bc_test.ch8",std::ios_base::binary);
		uint16_t counter=0x200;
		while (file.good()){
			int val = file.get();
			if (val!=-1){
				memory[counter++]=val;
			}
		}
		/*memory[0x200]=0x00;
		memory[0x201]=0xE0;
		memory[0x202]=0xA0;
		memory[0x203]=0x50;
		memory[0x204]=0x60;
		memory[0x205]=0x04;
		memory[0x206]=0xD0;
		memory[0x207]=0x05;
		memory[0x208]=0xD0;
		memory[0x209]=0x05;
		memory[0x210]=0x12;
		memory[0x211]=0x10;*/
		//0x200 program start
		return true;
	}

	bool OnUserUpdate(float fElapsedTime) override
	{
		pulse+=fElapsedTime;
		if (pulse>=1/60.f){
			if (delay_timer>0){
				delay_timer--;
			}
			if (sound_timer>0){
				sound_timer--;
			}
			pulse-=1/60.f;

			for (int i=0;i<10;i++){

				//FETCH
				uint16_t opcode = memory[pc]<<8|memory[pc+1];
				pc+=2;
				//std::cout<<"Next instruction is 0x"<<std::hex<<pc<<std::endl;

				//DECODE
				uint8_t nibble1 = opcode>>12;
				uint8_t X = opcode>>8&0xF;
				uint8_t Y = opcode>>4&0xF;
				uint8_t N = opcode&0xF;
				uint8_t NN = opcode&0x00FF;
				uint16_t NNN = opcode&0x0FFF;
				//std::cout<<"Opcode 0x"<<std::hex<<opcode<<std::dec<<": "<<Display8(nibble1)<<", "<<Display8(X)<<"/"<<Display8(Y)<<"/"<<Display8(N)<<"/"<<Display8(NN)<<"/"<<Display16(NNN)<<std::endl;
				switch(nibble1){
					case 0x0:{
						switch (NNN){
							case 0x0E0:{ //Clear screen.
								for (int i=0;i<display.size();i++){
									display[i]=0;
								}
							}break;
							case 0x0EE:{ //Return from subroutine.
								uint8_t byte1,byte2;
								byte1=stack.top();
								stack.pop();
								byte2=stack.top();
								stack.pop();
								pc=byte2<<8|byte1;
								//std::cout<<"Exiting subroutine to 0x"<<std::hex<<pc<<std::endl;
							}break;
						}
					}break;
					case 0x1:{ //Jump.
						pc=NNN;
					}break;
					case 0x2:{ //calls the subroutine at memory location NNN
						stack.push(pc>>8);
						stack.push(pc&0xFF);
						//std::cout<<"Pushed 0x"<<std::hex<<pc<<" onto stack"<<std::endl;
						pc=NNN;
						//std::cout<<"Entering subroutine @ 0x"<<std::hex<<NNN<<std::endl;
					}break;
					case 0x3:{//If register X is equal to NN, skip instruction.
						if(reg[X]==NN){
							pc+=2;
						}
					}break;
					case 0x4:{//If register X is not equal to NN, skip instruction.
						if(reg[X]!=NN){
							pc+=2;
						}
					}break;
					case 0x5:{//If register X is equal to register Y, skip instruction.
						if(reg[X]==reg[Y]){
							pc+=2;
						}
					}break;
					case 0x6:{ //Set the register X to NN.
						reg[X]=NN;
						//std::cout<<(int)reg[X]<<std::endl;
					}break;
					case 0x7:{ //Add w/no carry
						reg[X]+=NN;
						//std::cout<<(int)reg[X]<<std::endl;
					}break;
					case 0x8:{
						switch(N){
							case 0x0:{//VX is set to the value of VY.
								reg[X]=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x1:{//Binary OR VX w/VY.
								reg[X]|=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x2:{//Binary AND VX w/VY.
								reg[X]&=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x3:{//Logical XOR VX w/VY.
								reg[X]^=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x4:{//Add VY to VX, set carry bit if overflow occurs.
								reg[0xF]=0;
								if ((int)reg[X]+(int)reg[Y]>255){
									reg[0xF]=1;
								}
								reg[X]+=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x5:{// sets VX to the result of VX - VY.
								reg[0xF]=0;
								if (reg[X]>reg[Y]){
									reg[0xF]=1;
								}
								reg[X]-=reg[Y];
							}break;
							case 0x6:{//Shift Right
								//reg[X]=reg[Y];
								reg[0xF]=reg[X]&0x1;
								reg[X]>>=1;
							}break;
							case 0x7:{//sets VX to the result of VY - VX. It's a reverse subtraction.
								reg[0xF]=0;
								if (reg[Y]>reg[X]){
									reg[0xF]=1;
								}
								reg[X]=reg[Y]-reg[X];
							}break;
							case 0xE:{//Shift Left
								//std::cout<<"Y is: "<<(int)Y<<std::endl;
								//reg[X]=reg[Y];
								std::cout<<"Before left shift: "<<(int)reg[X]<<std::endl;
								reg[0xF]=(reg[X]&0x80)>>7;
								std::cout<<"Register F: "<<(int)reg[0xF]<<std::endl;
								reg[X]<<=1;
								std::cout<<"After Left shift: "<<(int)reg[X]<<std::endl;
							}break;
						}
					}break;
					case 0x9:{//If register X is not equal to register Y, skip instruction.
						if(reg[X]!=reg[Y]){
							pc+=2;
						}
					}break;
					case 0xA:{ //This sets the index register I to the value NNN.
						index=NNN;
					}break;
					case 0xB:{//Jump w/Offset
						pc=NNN+reg[0x0];
					}break;
					case 0xC:{//Random number from 0 to NN.
						reg[X]=distrib(gen)&NN;
					}break;
					case 0xD:{ //Display
						uint8_t start_X=reg[X]%ScreenWidth();
						uint8_t start_Y=reg[Y]%ScreenHeight();
						reg[0xF]=0;
						for (uint8_t y=0;y<N;y++){
							uint16_t spriteRow=memory[index+y];
							//std::cout<<spriteRow<<std::endl;
							for (uint8_t x=0;x<8;x++){
								if (start_X+x<ScreenWidth()&&start_Y+y<ScreenHeight()){
									//Memory loc: 0x50
									//0xF0,0x90,0x90,0x90,0xF0
									bool pixel = spriteRow>>(8-x-1)&0x1;
									if (display[(start_Y+y)*ScreenWidth()+(start_X+x)]&&pixel){
										//std::cout<<"Double on."<<std::endl;
										reg[0xF]=0;
									}
									display[(start_Y+y)*ScreenWidth()+(start_X+x)]=display[(start_Y+y)*ScreenWidth()+(start_X+x)]^pixel;
								}
							}
						}
					}break;
					case 0xE:{
						switch (NN){
							case 0x9E:{//EX9E: Skip an instruction if key in VX is pressed.
								if (GetKey(keymap[reg[X]]).bHeld){
									pc+=2;
								}
							}break;
							case 0xA1:{//EXA1: Skip an instruction if key in VX is not pressed.
								if (!GetKey(keymap[reg[X]]).bHeld){
									pc+=2;
								}
							}break;
						}
					}break;
					case 0xF:{
						switch (NN){
							case 0x07:{//sets VX to the current value of the delay timer
								reg[X]=delay_timer;
							}break;
							case 0x15:{//sets the delay timer to the value in VX
								delay_timer=reg[X];
							}break;
							case 0x18:{//sets the sound timer to the value in VX
								sound_timer=reg[X];
							}break;
							case 0x1E:{//The index register I will get the value in VX added to it.
								reg[0xF]=0;
								if (index+reg[X]>=0x1000){
									reg[0xF]=1;
								}
								index+=reg[X];
							}break;
							case 0x0A:{//This instruction “blocks”; it stops executing instructions and waits for key input
								for (int i=0;i<keymap.size();i++){
									if (GetKey(keymap[i]).bHeld){
										reg[X]=i;
										goto pass;
									}
								}
								pc-=2;
								pass:;
							}break;
							case 0x29:{//The index register I is set to the address of the hexadecimal character in VX. 
								index=0x50+(reg[X]&0xF)*5;
							}break;
							case 0x33:{//Binary-coded decimal conversion
								uint8_t numb=reg[X];//156
								memory[index+2]=numb%10;
								numb/=10;
								memory[index+1]=numb%10;
								numb/=10;
								memory[index]=numb%10;
							}break;
							case 0x55:{//Stores registers from V0 to VX in memory pointed by index.
								for (int i=0;i<=X;i++){
									memory[index+i]=reg[i];
								}
							}break;
							case 0x65:{//Retrieves registers from V0 to VX in memory pointed by index.
								for (int i=0;i<=X;i++){
									reg[i]=memory[index+i];
								}
							}break;
						}
					}break;
				}
			}

			Clear(VERY_DARK_BLUE);
			for (int x=0;x<ScreenWidth();x++){
				for (int y=0;y<ScreenHeight();y++){
					Draw({x,y},display[y*ScreenWidth()+x]?WHITE:BLACK);
				}
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

	bool OnUserDestroy()override{
		return true;
	}
};

int main()
{	
	Chip8Emulator demo;
	if (demo.Construct(64, 32, 10, 10))
		demo.Start();

	return 0;
}