Javidx9
5 years ago
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/*
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Programming MIDI: Parsing, Displaying (& Playing) MIDI Files |
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"Better get these done before im virused..." - javidx9 |
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License (OLC-3) |
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |
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Copyright 2018-2020 OneLoneCoder.com |
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions |
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are met: |
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1. Redistributions or derivations of source code must retain the above |
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copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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2. Redistributions or derivative works in binary form must reproduce |
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the above copyright notice. This list of conditions and the following |
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disclaimer must be reproduced in the documentation and/or other |
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materials provided with the distribution. |
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3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its |
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contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived |
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from this software without specific prior written permission. |
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS |
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"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
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LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR |
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A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT |
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HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
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SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
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LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, |
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DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY |
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THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT |
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(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE |
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OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
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Relevant Video: https://youtu.be/040BKtnDdg0
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Links |
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~~~~~ |
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YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/javidx9
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https://www.youtube.com/javidx9extra
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Discord: https://discord.gg/WhwHUMV
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Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/javidx9
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Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/javidx9
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GitHub: https://www.github.com/onelonecoder
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Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/javidx9
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Homepage: https://www.onelonecoder.com
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Community: https://community.onelonecoder.com
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Author |
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~~~~~~ |
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David Barr, aka javidx9, ©OneLoneCoder 2018, 2019, 2020 |
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*/ |
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#define OLC_PGE_APPLICATION |
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#include "olcPixelGameEngine.h" |
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#include <fstream> |
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#include <array> |
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//#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
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struct MidiEvent |
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{ |
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enum class Type |
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{ |
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NoteOff, |
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NoteOn, |
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Other |
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} event; |
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uint8_t nKey = 0; |
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uint8_t nVelocity = 0; |
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uint32_t nDeltaTick = 0; |
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}; |
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struct MidiNote |
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{ |
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uint8_t nKey = 0; |
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uint8_t nVelocity = 0; |
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uint32_t nStartTime = 0; |
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uint32_t nDuration = 0; |
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}; |
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struct MidiTrack |
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{ |
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std::string sName; |
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std::string sInstrument; |
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std::vector<MidiEvent> vecEvents; |
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std::vector<MidiNote> vecNotes; |
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uint8_t nMaxNote = 64; |
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uint8_t nMinNote = 64; |
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}; |
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class MidiFile |
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{ |
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public: |
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enum EventName : uint8_t |
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{
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VoiceNoteOff = 0x80, |
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VoiceNoteOn = 0x90, |
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VoiceAftertouch = 0xA0, |
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VoiceControlChange = 0xB0, |
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VoiceProgramChange = 0xC0, |
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VoiceChannelPressure = 0xD0, |
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VoicePitchBend = 0xE0, |
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SystemExclusive = 0xF0,
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}; |
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enum MetaEventName : uint8_t |
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{ |
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MetaSequence = 0x00, |
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MetaText = 0x01, |
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MetaCopyright = 0x02, |
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MetaTrackName = 0x03, |
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MetaInstrumentName = 0x04, |
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MetaLyrics = 0x05, |
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MetaMarker = 0x06, |
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MetaCuePoint = 0x07, |
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MetaChannelPrefix = 0x20, |
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MetaEndOfTrack = 0x2F, |
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MetaSetTempo = 0x51, |
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MetaSMPTEOffset = 0x54, |
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MetaTimeSignature = 0x58, |
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MetaKeySignature = 0x59, |
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MetaSequencerSpecific = 0x7F, |
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}; |
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public: |
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MidiFile() |
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{ |
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} |
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MidiFile(const std::string& sFileName) |
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{ |
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ParseFile(sFileName); |
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} |
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void Clear() |
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{ |
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} |
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bool ParseFile(const std::string& sFileName) |
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{ |
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// Open the MIDI File as a stream
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std::ifstream ifs; |
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ifs.open(sFileName, std::fstream::in | std::ios::binary); |
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if (!ifs.is_open()) |
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return false; |
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// Helper Utilities ====================
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// Swaps byte order of 32-bit integer
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auto Swap32 = [](uint32_t n) |
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{ |
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return (((n >> 24) & 0xff) | ((n << 8) & 0xff0000) | ((n >> 8) & 0xff00) | ((n << 24) & 0xff000000)); |
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}; |
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// Swaps byte order of 16-bit integer
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auto Swap16 = [](uint16_t n) |
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{ |
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return ((n >> 8) | (n << 8)); |
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}; |
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// Reads nLength bytes form file stream, and constructs a text string
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auto ReadString = [&ifs](uint32_t nLength) |
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{ |
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std::string s; |
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for (uint32_t i = 0; i < nLength; i++) s += ifs.get(); |
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return s; |
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}; |
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// Reads a compressed MIDI value. This can be up to 32 bits long. Essentially if the first byte, first
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// bit is set to 1, that indicates that the next byte is required to construct the full word. Only
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// the bottom 7 bits of each byte are used to construct the final word value. Each successive byte
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// that has MSB set, indicates a further byte needs to be read.
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auto ReadValue = [&ifs]() |
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{ |
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uint32_t nValue = 0; |
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uint8_t nByte = 0; |
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// Read byte
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nValue = ifs.get(); |
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// Check MSB, if set, more bytes need reading
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if (nValue & 0x80) |
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{ |
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// Extract bottom 7 bits of read byte
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nValue &= 0x7F; |
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do |
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{ |
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// Read next byte
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nByte = ifs.get(); |
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// Construct value by setting bottom 7 bits, then shifting 7 bits
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nValue = (nValue << 7) | (nByte & 0x7F); |
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}
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while (nByte & 0x80); // Loop whilst read byte MSB is 1
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} |
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// Return final construction (always 32-bit unsigned integer internally)
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return nValue; |
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}; |
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uint32_t n32 = 0; |
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uint16_t n16 = 0; |
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// Read MIDI Header (Fixed Size)
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ifs.read((char*)&n32, sizeof(uint32_t)); |
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uint32_t nFileID = Swap32(n32); |
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ifs.read((char*)&n32, sizeof(uint32_t)); |
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uint32_t nHeaderLength = Swap32(n32); |
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ifs.read((char*)&n16, sizeof(uint16_t)); |
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uint16_t nFormat = Swap16(n16); |
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ifs.read((char*)&n16, sizeof(uint16_t)); |
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uint16_t nTrackChunks = Swap16(n16); |
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ifs.read((char*)&n16, sizeof(uint16_t)); |
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uint16_t nDivision = Swap16(n16); |
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for (uint16_t nChunk = 0; nChunk < nTrackChunks; nChunk++) |
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{
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std::cout << "===== NEW TRACK" << std::endl; |
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// Read Track Header
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ifs.read((char*)&n32, sizeof(uint32_t)); |
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uint32_t nTrackID = Swap32(n32); |
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ifs.read((char*)&n32, sizeof(uint32_t)); |
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uint32_t nTrackLength = Swap32(n32); |
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bool bEndOfTrack = false; |
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vecTracks.push_back(MidiTrack()); |
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uint32_t nWallTime = 0; |
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uint8_t nPreviousStatus = 0; |
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while (!ifs.eof() && !bEndOfTrack) |
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{ |
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// Fundamentally all MIDI Events contain a timecode, and a status byte*
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uint32_t nStatusTimeDelta = 0; |
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uint8_t nStatus = 0; |
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// Read Timecode from MIDI stream. This could be variable in length
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// and is the delta in "ticks" from the previous event. Of course this value
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// could be 0 if two events happen simultaneously.
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nStatusTimeDelta = ReadValue(); |
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// Read first byte of message, this could be the status byte, or it could not...
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nStatus = ifs.get(); |
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// All MIDI Status events have the MSB set. The data within a standard MIDI event
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// does not. A crude yet utilised form of compression is to omit sending status
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// bytes if the following sequence of events all refer to the same MIDI Status.
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// This is called MIDI Running Status, and is essential to succesful decoding of
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// MIDI streams and files.
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//
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// If the MSB of the read byte was not set, and on the whole we were expecting a
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// status byte, then Running Status is in effect, so we refer to the previous
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// confirmed status byte.
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if (nStatus < 0x80) |
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{ |
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// MIDI Running Status is happening, so refer to previous valid MIDI Status byte
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nStatus = nPreviousStatus; |
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// We had to read the byte to assess if MIDI Running Status is in effect. But!
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// that read removed the byte form the stream, and that will desync all of the
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// following code because normally we would have read a status byte, but instead
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// we have read the data contained within a MIDI message. The simple solution is
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// to put the byte back :P
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ifs.seekg(-1, std::ios_base::cur); |
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} |
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if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceNoteOff) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nNoteID = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nNoteVelocity = ifs.get(); |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::NoteOff, nNoteID, nNoteVelocity, nStatusTimeDelta }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceNoteOn) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nNoteID = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nNoteVelocity = ifs.get(); |
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if(nNoteVelocity == 0) |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::NoteOff, nNoteID, nNoteVelocity, nStatusTimeDelta }); |
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else |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::NoteOn, nNoteID, nNoteVelocity, nStatusTimeDelta }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceAftertouch) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nNoteID = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nNoteVelocity = ifs.get(); |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::Other }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceControlChange) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nControlID = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nControlValue = ifs.get(); |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::Other }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceProgramChange) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nProgramID = ifs.get();
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::Other }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoiceChannelPressure) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nChannelPressure = ifs.get(); |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::Other }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::VoicePitchBend) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = nStatus; |
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uint8_t nChannel = nStatus & 0x0F; |
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uint8_t nLS7B = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nMS7B = ifs.get(); |
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vecTracks[nChunk].vecEvents.push_back({ MidiEvent::Type::Other }); |
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} |
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else if ((nStatus & 0xF0) == EventName::SystemExclusive) |
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{ |
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nPreviousStatus = 0; |
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if (nStatus == 0xFF) |
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{ |
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// Meta Message
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uint8_t nType = ifs.get(); |
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uint8_t nLength = ReadValue(); |
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switch (nType) |
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{ |
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case MetaSequence: |
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std::cout << "Sequence Number: " << ifs.get() << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaText: |
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std::cout << "Text: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaCopyright: |
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std::cout << "Copyright: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaTrackName: |
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vecTracks[nChunk].sName = ReadString(nLength); |
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std::cout << "Track Name: " << vecTracks[nChunk].sName << std::endl;
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break; |
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case MetaInstrumentName: |
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vecTracks[nChunk].sInstrument = ReadString(nLength); |
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std::cout << "Instrument Name: " << vecTracks[nChunk].sInstrument << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaLyrics: |
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std::cout << "Lyrics: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaMarker: |
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std::cout << "Marker: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaCuePoint: |
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std::cout << "Cue: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaChannelPrefix: |
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std::cout << "Prefix: " << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaEndOfTrack: |
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bEndOfTrack = true; |
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break; |
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case MetaSetTempo: |
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// Tempo is in microseconds per quarter note
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if (m_nTempo == 0) |
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{ |
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(m_nTempo |= (ifs.get() << 16)); |
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(m_nTempo |= (ifs.get() << 8)); |
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(m_nTempo |= (ifs.get() << 0)); |
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m_nBPM = (60000000 / m_nTempo); |
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std::cout << "Tempo: " << m_nTempo << " (" << m_nBPM << "bpm)" << std::endl; |
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} |
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break; |
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case MetaSMPTEOffset: |
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std::cout << "SMPTE: H:" << ifs.get() << " M:" << ifs.get() << " S:" << ifs.get() << " FR:" << ifs.get() << " FF:" << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
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break; |
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case MetaTimeSignature: |
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std::cout << "Time Signature: " << ifs.get() << "/" << (2 << ifs.get()) << std::endl; |
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std::cout << "ClocksPerTick: " << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
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// A MIDI "Beat" is 24 ticks, so specify how many 32nd notes constitute a beat
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "32per24Clocks: " << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
||||||
|
break; |
||||||
|
case MetaKeySignature: |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Key Signature: " << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Minor Key: " << ifs.get() << std::endl; |
||||||
|
break; |
||||||
|
case MetaSequencerSpecific: |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Sequencer Specific: " << ReadString(nLength) << std::endl; |
||||||
|
break; |
||||||
|
default: |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Unrecognised MetaEvent: " << nType << std::endl; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (nStatus == 0xF0) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
// System Exclusive Message Begin
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "System Exclusive Begin: " << ReadString(ReadValue()) << std::endl; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (nStatus == 0xF7) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
// System Exclusive Message Begin
|
||||||
|
std::cout << "System Exclusive End: " << ReadString(ReadValue()) << std::endl; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
else |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Unrecognised Status Byte: " << nStatus << std::endl; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Convert Time Events to Notes
|
||||||
|
for (auto& track : vecTracks) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
uint32_t nWallTime = 0; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
std::list<MidiNote> listNotesBeingProcessed; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (auto& event : track.vecEvents) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
nWallTime += event.nDeltaTick; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (event.event == MidiEvent::Type::NoteOn) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
// New Note
|
||||||
|
listNotesBeingProcessed.push_back({ event.nKey, event.nVelocity, nWallTime, 0 }); |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (event.event == MidiEvent::Type::NoteOff) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
auto note = std::find_if(listNotesBeingProcessed.begin(), listNotesBeingProcessed.end(), [&](const MidiNote& n) { return n.nKey == event.nKey; }); |
||||||
|
if (note != listNotesBeingProcessed.end()) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
note->nDuration = nWallTime - note->nStartTime; |
||||||
|
track.vecNotes.push_back(*note); |
||||||
|
track.nMinNote = std::min(track.nMinNote, note->nKey); |
||||||
|
track.nMaxNote = std::max(track.nMaxNote, note->nKey); |
||||||
|
listNotesBeingProcessed.erase(note); |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return true; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public: |
||||||
|
std::vector<MidiTrack> vecTracks; |
||||||
|
uint32_t m_nTempo = 0; |
||||||
|
uint32_t m_nBPM = 0; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
}; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
class olcMIDIViewer : public olc::PixelGameEngine |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
public: |
||||||
|
olcMIDIViewer() |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
sAppName = "MIDI File Viewer"; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
MidiFile midi; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
//HMIDIOUT hInstrument;
|
||||||
|
size_t nCurrentNote[16]{ 0 }; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
double dSongTime = 0.0; |
||||||
|
double dRunTime = 0.0; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nMidiClock = 0; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
public: |
||||||
|
bool OnUserCreate() override |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
midi.ParseFile("ff7_battle.mid"); |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/*
|
||||||
|
int nMidiDevices = midiOutGetNumDevs(); |
||||||
|
if (nMidiDevices > 0) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
if (midiOutOpen(&hInstrument, 2, NULL, 0, NULL) == MMSYSERR_NOERROR) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
std::cout << "Opened midi" << std::endl; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
*/ |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return true; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
float nTrackOffset = 1000; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
bool OnUserUpdate(float fElapsedTime) override |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
Clear(olc::BLACK); |
||||||
|
uint32_t nTimePerColumn = 50; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nNoteHeight = 2; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nOffsetY = 0; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (GetKey(olc::Key::LEFT).bHeld) nTrackOffset -= 10000.0f * fElapsedTime; |
||||||
|
if (GetKey(olc::Key::RIGHT).bHeld) nTrackOffset += 10000.0f * fElapsedTime; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (auto& track : midi.vecTracks) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
if (!track.vecNotes.empty()) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
uint32_t nNoteRange = track.nMaxNote - track.nMinNote; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
FillRect(0, nOffsetY, ScreenWidth(), (nNoteRange + 1) * nNoteHeight, olc::DARK_GREY); |
||||||
|
DrawString(1, nOffsetY + 1, track.sName); |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for (auto& note : track.vecNotes) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
FillRect((note.nStartTime - nTrackOffset) / nTimePerColumn, (nNoteRange - (note.nKey - track.nMinNote)) * nNoteHeight + nOffsetY, note.nDuration / nTimePerColumn, nNoteHeight, olc::WHITE); |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
nOffsetY += (nNoteRange + 1) * nNoteHeight + 4; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// BELOW - ABSOLUTELY HORRIBLE BODGE TO PLAY SOUND
|
||||||
|
// DO NOT USE THIS CODE...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/*
|
||||||
|
dRunTime += fElapsedTime; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nTempo = 4; |
||||||
|
int nTrack = 1; |
||||||
|
while (dRunTime >= 1.0 / double(midi.m_nBPM * 8)) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
dRunTime -= 1.0 / double(midi.m_nBPM * 8); |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Single MIDI Clock
|
||||||
|
nMidiClock++; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int i = 0; |
||||||
|
int nTrack = 1; |
||||||
|
//for (nTrack = 1; nTrack < 3; nTrack++)
|
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
if (nCurrentNote[nTrack] < midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents.size()) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
if (midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents[nCurrentNote[nTrack]].nDeltaTick == 0) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
uint32_t nStatus = 0; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nNote = midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents[nCurrentNote[nTrack]].nKey; |
||||||
|
uint32_t nVelocity = midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents[nCurrentNote[nTrack]].nVelocity; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents[nCurrentNote[nTrack]].event == MidiEvent::Type::NoteOn) |
||||||
|
nStatus = 0x90; |
||||||
|
else |
||||||
|
nStatus = 0x80; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
midiOutShortMsg(hInstrument, (nVelocity << 16) | (nNote << 8) | nStatus); |
||||||
|
nCurrentNote[nTrack]++; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
else |
||||||
|
midi.vecTracks[nTrack].vecEvents[nCurrentNote[nTrack]].nDeltaTick--; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (GetKey(olc::Key::SPACE).bPressed) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
midiOutShortMsg(hInstrument, 0x00403C90); |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if (GetKey(olc::Key::SPACE).bReleased) |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
midiOutShortMsg(hInstrument, 0x00003C80); |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
*/ |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
return true; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
}; |
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
int main() |
||||||
|
{ |
||||||
|
olcMIDIViewer demo; |
||||||
|
if (demo.Construct(1280, 960, 1, 1)) |
||||||
|
demo.Start(); |
||||||
|
return 0; |
||||||
|
} |
||||||
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in new issue