AdventuresInLestoria/Adventures in Lestoria/olcPGEX_TTF.h

#pragma region License
/*
License (OLC-3)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Copyright 2018 - 2024 OneLoneCoder.com

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions or derivations of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

2. Redistributions or derivative works in binary form must reproduce the above
copyright notice. This list of conditions and the following	disclaimer must be
reproduced in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may
be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS	"AS IS" AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
SHALL THE COPYRIGHT	HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL,	SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT	(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGE.

Portions of this software are copyright © 2024 The FreeType
Project (www.freetype.org). Please see LICENSE_FT.txt for more information.
All rights reserved.
*/
#pragma endregion
#ifndef OLC_PGEX_TTF_H
#define OLC_PGEX_TTF_H

#include "olcUTIL_Geometry2D.h"
#include "olcPixelGameEngine.h"

#ifdef WIN32
#include <ft2build.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "freetype.lib")
#else
#include <freetype2/ft2build.h>
#endif

#include <iostream>
#include <limits>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "Error.h"
#include FT_FREETYPE_H
#include FT_GLYPH_H

namespace olc {
    struct FontRect {
        olc::vi2d offset;
        olc::vi2d size;
    };

    class Font : public olc::PGEX {
    public:
        Font() = default;

        ~Font() {
            if (fontFace != nullptr) {
                FT_Done_Face(fontFace);
            }
        }

        Font(std::string path, int fontSize) : fontSize(fontSize) {
            FT_Error error = FT_New_Face(library, path.c_str(), 0, &fontFace);

            error = FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes(fontFace, 0, fontSize*4);
        }

        Font(const Font &other) = delete;
        Font(Font &&other)noexcept{
            fontFace = other.fontFace;
            fontSize = other.fontSize;
            fallbacks = std::move(other.fallbacks);
            other.fontFace = nullptr;
            other.fallbacks.clear();
        }

        Font &operator=(const Font &other) = delete;
        Font &operator=(Font &&other)noexcept{
            fontFace = other.fontFace;
            fontSize = other.fontSize;
            fallbacks = std::move(other.fallbacks);
            other.fontFace = nullptr;
            other.fallbacks.clear();
            return *this;
        }

        private:
        FontRect _GetStringBounds(std::u32string string, float angle = 0.0f) {
            FT_Matrix rotMat;
            rotMat.xx = (FT_Fixed)(std::cos(angle) * 0x10000L);
            rotMat.xy = (FT_Fixed)(-std::sin(angle) * 0x10000L);
            rotMat.yx = (FT_Fixed)(std::sin(angle) * 0x10000L);
            rotMat.yy = (FT_Fixed)(std::cos(angle) * 0x10000L);

            FT_Vector pen;
            pen.x = 0;
            pen.y = 0;

            olc::FontRect rect;
            constexpr int intMax = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
            constexpr int intMin = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();

            int minX = intMax;
            int minY = intMax;
            int maxX = intMin;
            int maxY = intMin;

            Font *prevToUse = nullptr;
            int skip=0;
            for (size_t i = 0; i < string.size(); i++) {
                char32_t chr = string[i];
			    if(skip){
				    skip--;
				    continue;
			    }
                if(chr=='\r')continue;
			    else if(chr<0)continue;
			    else if (chr=='#')
			    {
				    skip=6;
                    continue;
			    }

                int prevmaxX=maxX;

                Font *toUse = this;
                FT_UInt chrIndex = GetCharIndex(chr);

                if (chrIndex == 0) {
                    for (auto &font : fallbacks) {
                        FT_UInt fbChr = font.GetCharIndex(chr);
                        if (fbChr != 0) {
                            chrIndex = fbChr;
                            toUse = &font;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (prevToUse == toUse) {
                    FT_Vector kern;
                    FT_Get_Kerning(fontFace, string[i - 1], chr,
                        FT_KERNING_DEFAULT, &kern);

                    pen.x += kern.x;
                    pen.y += kern.y;
                }

                FT_Set_Transform(toUse->fontFace, &rotMat, &pen);
                FT_Error error = FT_Load_Char(toUse->fontFace, chr, FT_LOAD_RENDER);
                if(error){
                    LOG("FT Error: "<<error);
                    continue;
                }

                FT_GlyphSlot slot = toUse->fontFace->glyph;
                FT_Glyph glyph;
                error = FT_Get_Glyph(slot, &glyph);
                if(error){
                    LOG("FT Error: "<<error);
                    continue;
                }

                FT_BBox bbox;
                FT_Glyph_Get_CBox(glyph, FT_GLYPH_BBOX_GRIDFIT, &bbox);

                if (bbox.xMin < minX) {
                    minX = bbox.xMin;
                }
                if (bbox.xMax > maxX) {
                    maxX = bbox.xMax;
                }
                if (bbox.yMin < minY) {
                    minY = bbox.yMin;
                }
                if (bbox.yMax > maxY) {
                    maxY = bbox.yMax;
                }

                pen.x += slot->advance.x;
                pen.y += slot->advance.y;

                if(chr=='\n'){
                    int scaled_line_spacing = fontFace->size->metrics.height;
                    pen.y -=scaled_line_spacing;
                    maxX=prevmaxX; //Since this character is getting ignored, we need to revert back to the previous max X.
                    pen.x=minX;
                }
                FT_Done_Glyph(glyph);
            }

            minX /= 64;
            minY /= 64;
            maxX /= 64;
            maxY /= 64;
            return olc::FontRect{{minX, -maxY}, {maxX - minX, maxY - minY}};
        }

        public:
        FontRect GetStringBounds(std::u32string string, float angle = 0.0f) {
            FontRect temp=_GetStringBounds(string,angle);
            return {temp.offset/4,{temp.size/4}};
        }

        olc::Sprite *RenderStringToSprite(std::u32string string,
            olc::Pixel color) {
            olc::FontRect rect = _GetStringBounds(string);
            olc::Sprite *sprite = new olc::Sprite{rect.size.x, rect.size.y};

            for (int x = 0; x < rect.size.x; x++) {
                for (int y = 0; y < rect.size.y; y++) {
                    sprite->SetPixel(x, y, olc::BLANK);
                }
            }

            FT_Vector pen;
            pen.x = -rect.offset.x;
            pen.y = (pge->ScreenHeight() + rect.offset.y) * 64;

            olc::Pixel::Mode prevMode = pge->GetPixelMode();
            pge->SetPixelMode(olc::Pixel::ALPHA);

            olc::Font *prevToUse = nullptr;

            Pixel textCol=color;
            int skip=0;
            for (size_t i = 0; i < string.size(); i++) {
                char32_t chr = string[i];
		        const auto hexToNumber=[](char c){
			        if(c<='9')return c-'0';
			        return (c-'A')+10;
		        };
			    if(skip){
				    skip--;
				    continue;
			    }
                if(chr=='\r')continue;
			    else if (chr>=-128&&chr<-105)
			    {
				    textCol={PixelGameEngine::charToColor[chr].r,PixelGameEngine::charToColor[chr].g,PixelGameEngine::charToColor[chr].b,color.a};
                    continue;
			    }
			    else if (chr==Color::Reset[0])
			    {
				    textCol=color;
                    continue;
			    }
			    else if (chr=='#')
			    {
				    skip=6;
				    textCol=BLACK;
				    for(int j=1;j<7;j++){
					    if(j<3){
						    textCol.r*=16;
						    textCol.r+=hexToNumber(string[i+j]);
					    }else
					    if(j<5){
						    textCol.g*=16;
						    textCol.g+=hexToNumber(string[i+j]);
					    }else{
						    textCol.b*=16;
						    textCol.b+=hexToNumber(string[i+j]);
					    }
				    }
				    if(textCol==WHITE)textCol=color;
                    continue;
			    }
                Font *toUse = this;
                FT_UInt chrIndex = GetCharIndex(chr);

                if (chrIndex == 0) {
                    for (auto &font : fallbacks) {
                        FT_UInt fbChr = font.GetCharIndex(chr);
                        if (fbChr != 0) {
                            chrIndex = fbChr;
                            toUse = &font;
                        }
                    }
                }

                if (prevToUse == toUse) {
                    FT_Vector kern;
                    FT_Get_Kerning(fontFace, string[i - 1], chr,
                        FT_KERNING_DEFAULT, &kern);

                    pen.x += kern.x;
                    pen.y += kern.y;
                }

                if(toUse!=nullptr){
                    FT_Set_Transform(toUse->fontFace, nullptr, &pen);
                    FT_Error error = FT_Load_Char(toUse->fontFace, chr,
                        FT_LOAD_RENDER | FT_LOAD_COLOR);

                    FT_Bitmap bmp = toUse->fontFace->glyph->bitmap;
                    FT_GlyphSlot slot = toUse->fontFace->glyph;

                    pen.x += toUse->fontFace->glyph->advance.x;
                    pen.y += toUse->fontFace->glyph->advance.y;

                    if(chr=='\n'){
                        int scaled_line_spacing = fontFace->size->metrics.height;
                        pen.y -=scaled_line_spacing;
                        pen.x=rect.offset.x;
                    } else {
                        DrawBitmapTo(slot->bitmap_left,
                            pge->ScreenHeight() - slot->bitmap_top, bmp, textCol,
                            sprite);
                    }
                }
            }

            pge->SetPixelMode(prevMode);

            return sprite;
        }

        olc::Decal *RenderStringToDecal(std::u32string string,
            olc::Pixel color) {
            Sprite *sprite = RenderStringToSprite(string, color);
            olc::Decal *decal = new olc::Decal{sprite};
            return decal;
        }

        olc::Renderable RenderStringToRenderable(std::u32string string,
            olc::Pixel color) {
            Sprite *sprite = RenderStringToSprite(string, color);
            olc::Renderable renderable;
            renderable.Create(sprite->width, sprite->height);

            for (int x = 0; x < sprite->width; x++) {
                for (int y = 0; y < sprite->height; y++) {
                    renderable.Sprite()->SetPixel(x, y, sprite->GetPixel(x, y));
                }
            }

            delete sprite;

            renderable.Decal()->Update();

            return renderable;
        }

        void AddFallbackFont(std::string path) {
            fallbacks.emplace_back(path, fontSize);
        }

        std::u32string GetFontName(){
            std::string name=fontFace->family_name;
            return std::u32string(name.begin(),name.end());
        }

        static bool init() {
            FT_Error error = FT_Init_FreeType(&library);

            return true;
        }

    private:
        void DrawBitmap(int x, int y, FT_Bitmap bmp, olc::Pixel color) {
            switch (bmp.pixel_mode) {
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_MONO:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        int byteOffset = bx / 8;
                        char byte = bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + byteOffset];
                        bool val = (byte >> (7 - bx % 8)) & 1;
                        if (val) {
                            pge->Draw(x + bx, y + by, color);
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        uint8_t byte = bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx];
                        if (byte == 0) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        color.a = 255;
                        pge->Draw(x + bx, y + by, color);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY2: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY4: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_LCD: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_LCD_V: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_BGRA:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        olc::Pixel pixel{
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 2],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 1],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 0],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 3],
                        };
                        pge->Draw(x + bx, y + by, pixel);
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        void DrawBitmapTo(int x, int y, FT_Bitmap bmp, olc::Pixel color,
            olc::Sprite *sprite) {
            switch (bmp.pixel_mode) {
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_MONO:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        int byteOffset = bx / 8;
                        char byte = bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + byteOffset];
                        bool val = (byte >> (7 - bx % 8)) & 1;
                        if (val) {
                            sprite->SetPixel(x + bx, y + by, color);
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        uint8_t byte = bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx];
                        if (byte == 0) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        color.a = byte;
                        sprite->SetPixel(x + bx, y + by, color);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY2: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_GRAY4: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_LCD: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_LCD_V: break;
            case FT_PIXEL_MODE_BGRA:
                for (size_t bx = 0; bx < bmp.width; bx++) {
                    for (size_t by = 0; by < bmp.rows; by++) {
                        olc::Pixel pixel{
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 2],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 1],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 0],
                            bmp.buffer[by * bmp.pitch + bx * 4 + 3],
                        };
                        sprite->SetPixel(x + bx, y + by, pixel);
                    }
                }
                break;
            }
        }

        FT_UInt GetCharIndex(char32_t charCode) {
            return FT_Get_Char_Index(fontFace, charCode);
        }

        FT_Face fontFace = nullptr;
        std::vector<Font> fallbacks;
        int fontSize;

        static FT_Library library;
    };
} // namespace olc

#ifdef OLC_PGEX_TTF
#undef OLC_PGEX_TTF

FT_Library olc::Font::library;

#endif

#endif